Primary Descriptives of Urban Workers in Maharashtra

Data: CMIE

Ayush Patel

2023-08-11

Outline

This analysis aims to answer following questions:

Outline

This analysis aims to answer following questions:

  • Who is the target group?

Outline

This analysis aims to answer following questions:

  • Who is the target group?

  • Do we have any estimates about the volumes?

Outline

This analysis aims to answer following questions:

  • Who is the target group?

  • Do we have any estimates about the volumes?

  • Characteristics of the target group and their households

Target Group

  • Informally Engaged Urban Workers are the focus of this analysis.

  • People of India data-set records the Occupation(180) and Nature of Occupation(22).

  • In this data, occupation is de-linked from employment status.

  • We can think of Nature of Occupation as a super classification of Occupation

Target Group - Nature of Occupation

Nature of Occupation Population Proportion
Student 34946830.88 25.8%
Home Maker 32261007.49 23.8%
Retired/Aged 14216653.89 10.5%
Agricultural Labourer 10887489.45 8.0%
Self Employed Entrepreneur 7433121.17 5.5%
Small Farmer 7270332.52 5.4%
Wage Labourer 4334616.80 3.2%
Support Staff 4221738.18 3.1%
Industrial Workers 4073722.12 3.0%
Organised Farmer 3998474.05 3.0%
White Collar Clerical Employees 2492150.33 1.8%
White-Collar Professional Employees and Other Employees 2382662.46 1.8%
NonSchooling Child 1930124.09 1.4%
Unoccupied 1677862.08 1.2%
Non-Industrial Technical Employee 1225409.45 0.9%
Small Trader/Hawker/ Businessman without Fixed Premises 859521.47 0.6%
Businessman 655505.12 0.5%
Manager 242695.58 0.2%
Home-based Worker 219707.20 0.2%
Qualified Self Employed Professionals 149460.31 0.1%
Politician/Social Worker/Activist 14071.59 0.0%
Not Applicable 0.00 0.0%

Target Group - Some blurred lines?

Almost Certain (87,10712977)

Wage Labourers - “This is the occupational status of a person who seeks employment for daily wages from non-agricultural sources. This includes industrial workers who work in factories or companies but are not employed on a regular basis in these. Wage labourers include construction site workers. Other examples of wage labourers include a taxi driver who operates the owners’ taxi, a daily wage plumber or a brick-layer, or a painter, a carpenter, an electrician who does odd -jobs, or a load carrier in a market or an ad-hoc coolie at a bus-stand, or a car-washer, etc. Porters who carry luggage from one place to another, and earn income on piece-by-piece basis, should be classified as ‘Wage Labourers’.”

Industrial Workers - “This is the occupational status of a person who is working as an Industrial worker in a factory. This includes all regular industrial workers but does not include daily wage labourers. It includes workers on the shop-floor and instructors, plant operators, assemblers and assembly line operators, mill workers, mine workers, industrial machine operators and industrial equipment operators. People working on ports or docks are also classified as industrial workers.”

Non-Industrial Technical Employee - “This is the occupational status of persons who work as equipment operators,dieticians, assistants to qualified professionals, foreman, draughtsman,laboratory assistant, photographer, sound recordist, film editor,camera-man, wireless operator, X-ray technician, physiotherapist(diploma holders), speech therapist, midwife, nurses, radio and television announcers etc. A priest or a pujari who works full time in a church/temple, is classified here. The occupation of a bus conductor is ‘Non-industrial Technical’’ employee. Cooks, chefs, waiters, persons working in retail shop as salespersons, are ‘Non-Industrial Technical’’ employees.”

Small Trader/Hawker/Businessman without Fixed Premises - “This is the occupational status of a person who is occupied in a very small trading or business activity as an independent entrepreneur. The activities of these entrepreneurs are usually the kinds that are classified as the ‘informal’’ economy. So, the characteristic of the business activity These are not registered businesses like factories or shops. These are businesses run out of push-carts, roadside stalls, baskets, carry-on bags and similar contraptions. It includes occupations such as fruit and vegetable vendor who sells his goods essentially on the streets or by carrying them around on his head or cart, etc.”

Home-based Worker - “This is the occupational status of a person who works from his/her home with almost nil capital investment . It includes persons who roll bidis or papads at home for a business enterprise like Lijjat. It also includes persons who undertake data-entry or research work from home for a business enterprise. Home based workers include individuals who essentially provide tuition at home or hold professional teaching from home. This does not include people who work from home although they are principally employed in a business enterprise. A person employed with a company but allowed to work from home is not a home-based worker.”

Could have more than a few (60,6713889)

Support Staff - “This is the occupational status of a person who is salaried and is part of the support function in a factory or government or an office of a service company. It includes peons, janitors (lift-man), door keepers, watch-persons (security-guards), drivers and conductors, gardeners, garbage collectors, sweepers, cooks, waiters, housekeepers, delivery boys, and similar persons who provide support services. Drivers who are classified in the ‘Travel and Tourism’’ industry are assigned the occupation of ‘Non-Industrial-Technical’’ employees. However, if a driver is working for a company, then that person is classified as ‘Support-Staff’.”

White Collar Clerical Employees - “This is the occupational status of a person whose work is largely desk-based and operational or driven by system. Typically, these are stenographers, typists, telephone operators, secretaries, office clerks,UDC/LDC (upper division clerks and lower division clerks), BPO/KPO(business process outsourcing and knowledge processing outsourcing) workers, data-entry operators, cashiers, tellers, etc. The occupation of persons who sell tickets on the Railway counters is ‘White-Collar-Clerical’ employees.”

Could have a few (67,7433121)

Self Employed Entrepreneur - “This is the occupational status of a person who is provides professional service by investing some amount of capital and by using expertise. These are self-employed professionals who essentially leverage their own professional expertise. Entrepreneurs leverage some capital and skill and deliver a professional service. These are the taxi drivers, self-run barber shops,self-run gymnasium, self-run beautician, estate agents, brokers, insurance agents, religious professionals, models, astrologers, etc. These entrepreneurs do not deploy large amounts of capital or labour to qualify as a business enterprise like a factory, shop, workshop or office. Also, although these persons are professionals, they are not as qualified as doctors, lawyers, or accountants are. These are,therefore, a distinct category of entrepreneurs.”

Target Group - Some blurred lines?

There are 62 Occupations that overlap across three possible definitions of target group.

How are people who have the same OCCUPATION but have different NATURE OF OCCUPATION different? (Interesting exercise to explore)

OCCUPATION Population TG1 Population TG2 Population TG3 Total Population
Mazdoor/Helpers 3506563.3850 165271.220 0.0000 3671834.605
Auto rickshaw drivers 40849.5451 0.000 1204584.2759 1245433.821
Street Hawkers/Vendors, vegetable/fruit sellers, clothes, and other goods sellers on streets 728249.2846 0.000 142806.2370 871055.522
Bus/Car and Van drivers 272338.4138 349209.811 221735.0623 843283.287
Peons, cleaners and helpers 956.7761 825137.817 0.0000 826094.594
Sales workers/assistants, shop attendants/Medical Representatives 292204.5837 434352.708 691.7705 727249.062
Office, bank clerks, court clerks, office assistants 6003.0004 621141.545 0.0000 627144.545
Domestic Maids, Cleaners, Helpers 2349.4413 562553.334 0.0000 564902.776
Masons (Mistri), Brick layers 493283.2214 14343.147 0.0000 507626.368
Electricians 308574.0797 20171.781 59507.1967 388253.058
Tailors, Dressmakers, Dress designers 134965.4367 0.000 197342.3658 332307.802
Chefs and cooks 88186.1435 186044.757 19970.2122 294201.113
Railway guards, Bus/Transport conductors, Ticket Collectors/Examiners 16133.7555 244193.741 0.0000 260327.496
Street food wala -- chat wala, street tea-stall wala, other street foods wala 117268.1444 0.000 118446.3188 235714.463
Supervisors, Shift-in-charge, Workshop Managers 200379.1222 33976.767 0.0000 234355.889
Beauticians, Barbers, Hair-dressers/Stylists, Make-up men 4579.6399 5095.292 192719.1217 202394.054
Other health related workers (anganwadi workers & helpers) 29209.0926 172739.110 0.0000 201948.203
Motor vehicle mechanics, repairers, technicians, servicers 84791.3355 0.000 105515.0550 190306.390
Truck, Lorry drivers 30730.9856 99451.816 51110.4031 181293.205
Painters, White washers 117907.0777 0.000 43351.5423 161258.620
Carpenters (Sutar) 8114.7967 7185.763 134273.3626 149573.922
Postmen, Courier services, library clerks, mail carriers, mail guards 3754.6214 131063.897 0.0000 134818.518
Metal Moulders, Welders 109940.1111 0.000 23578.4831 133518.594
Receptionists, office and hotel 11008.6121 116498.030 0.0000 127506.642
Waiters, Butlers (chief waiter), Barmen, Bartender 31012.4613 92771.024 0.0000 123783.485
Delivery men (excluding postmen, courier boys) 18114.2637 99021.292 0.0000 117135.555
Electrical line installers and repairers 27304.7869 71594.613 16586.0692 115485.470
Concrete mixers, tile-setters, plasterers 95078.4254 0.000 6826.3339 101904.759
Sales representatives, sales executives, Store Managers 70149.6227 30398.758 0.0000 100548.380
Petrol pump salesmen 29616.1192 54432.893 0.0000 84049.012
Dhobi/Laundry/Dry cleaning services 1751.3604 7484.035 68792.6078 78028.003
Electrical mechanics and fitters 30808.4464 34845.313 11150.5649 76804.325
Nursing and midwifery assistants 1589.1686 71942.391 0.0000 73531.560
Police, hawaldars, constables, sub-inspectors 7909.7167 65142.210 0.0000 73051.926
Transport and Storage Labourers - Loaders/Unloaders transport, warehouse workers 53368.0527 11845.922 0.0000 65213.975
Traditional hand embroiders, cloth block printers (zari, mirror work, phulkari, chikankari, kashmiri, gota, kantha) 10266.9971 0.000 54378.2617 64645.259
Plumbers 10347.0743 19554.558 34497.5025 64399.135
Plant and Machinery Mechanics and Repairers 57995.3092 5811.617 0.0000 63806.926
Dairy products (Ice-cream, cheese, butter) makers 28191.7690 0.000 29779.8753 57971.644
Pharmacists (Chemist shop person) 12765.3634 22901.380 17007.5701 52674.314
Religion workers, priests, pujaris, full time trustees of religious organisations 29936.3745 0.000 14747.7195 44684.094
Cable operators/Cable technicians/Internet service operators/technicians 4623.4262 1587.767 32700.5318 38911.725
Handicrafts item makers 19600.6783 0.000 12519.7052 32120.384
Private teachers for school children, Tuition teachers 5325.1796 15726.934 10846.7700 31898.884
Home appliances mechanics, repairers, technicians, servicers 1604.7586 8327.923 17713.8190 27646.501
Bindi makers, tattoo designers/artists, artificial jewellery makers 19446.2261 0.000 8022.3262 27468.552
Fitness trainers, Gym, Yoga trainers, lifeguards 1146.1859 13871.685 11507.9696 26525.840
Marriage band players, light carriers 980.5415 0.000 21708.1181 22688.660
Photographers 1146.1859 0.000 20729.0588 21875.245
Shoemakers 16795.9956 0.000 4711.3975 21507.393
Railway/Bus Stand Coolies, luggage porters 767.9910 17636.714 0.0000 18404.705
Blacksmiths (Lohar), Tool Makers 11093.6987 0.000 3754.6214 14848.320
Weavers/ Handloom workers 5648.3143 4772.461 3765.7831 14186.558
Tourist Guides, travel agents 7668.0327 0.000 4050.1051 11718.138
Newspaper editors, columnists, freelancers 3065.4748 0.000 8436.2232 11501.698
Hand, Vehicle Drivers, Cycle rickshaw drivers 6740.0999 0.000 4580.0294 11320.129
Upholsteries (cloth paddings, covers, for furniture), mattress makers (gadde wale), curtain makers 6663.3941 0.000 3240.3271 9903.721
Cobblers and boot polishers, Shoe cleaners 2785.2416 0.000 7109.5546 9894.796
Journalists, News reporters, television, radio announcers, radio jockeys 3954.8583 0.000 1030.4431 4985.301
Milk-man 956.7761 1745.354 1618.2802 4320.410
Assistants musicians, music composers and singers 1745.3538 0.000 1327.9479 3073.302
Not Applicable 0.0000 0.000 0.0000 0.000

Defining Target Group - A reasonable recipie

Who are included?

\[ Reasonable\hspace{1mm}Target\hspace{1mm}Group(18722168,13.8\%) = \begin{cases} Everyone\hspace{1mm}in\hspace{1mm}TG1(10712977,7.9\%),\\ Anyone\hspace{1mm}with\hspace{1mm}a\hspace{1mm}Common\hspace{1mm}Occupation\hspace{1mm}in\hspace{1mm}TG2(5040963,3.7\%),\\ Anyone\hspace{1mm}with\hspace{1mm}a\hspace{1mm}Common\hspace{1mm}Occupation\hspace{1mm}in\hspace{1mm}TG3(2968228,2.1\%) \end{cases} \]

Who is left out?

TG1

No one with occupation as TG1 is left out.

TG2

Accounting, payroll, stocks, audit and book keeping clerks||Liftmen, watchmen, security guards||Bank tellers, cashiers||Front office associates, Customer service desk persons||Accountants and auditors||Kitchen helpers, fast food preparers||Call centre salespersons/operators/workers||Sweepers, Garbage Collectors||Purchase officers||Reservation/Booking Clerks||Room attendants, bell boys/Kitchen Porters, Hotel boys||School teachers||Child care maids, Ayahs, Governesses||Telephone operators||Basic computer course/DTP trainers||Private secretaries||Survey/Market research interviewers||Armed forces, Junior commissioned officers, subedars, naik subedars

TG3

Smaller businessmen (smaller shops or offices), Shopkeepers, small dhaba owners||Butchers/Slaughterers (Kasai), Cutting and Selling meat||Real estate agents, brokers, property Managers||Insurance agents||Financial advisors, (Advise in investments in mutual funds, shares, deposits)||Sales and marketing professionals||Travel Consultants, Organizers, Travel Planners||Wood treatment, furniture, cabinet makers||Pathology lab technicians||Land surveyors||Potters, pot makers, idol (murti) makers||Interior designers||Computer Systems/Hardware analysts||Software developers, Software Engineers||Beggars, Prostitutes, Police informers||Animal drawn vehicle drivers||Music composers||Associates of traditional medicine practitioners, Assistants to Ayurvedic, Homeopathic and Unani doctors||Bulldozer/Scrapper/Dumper/Conveyor/Crane Operators||Astrologers, Palmists (Jyotshi), tarot card readers

Volume of the Target Group

Informally Engaged Workers in Maharashtra 1,87,22,168. This is nearly 13.8% of the population of Maharashtra.

REGION_TYPE GENDER Total IEW Proportion IEW
RURAL F 504546.3 2.7%
RURAL M 5928756.2 31.7%
URBAN F 1425096.0 7.6%
URBAN M 10863769.5 58.0%

Informally Engaged Urban Workers of Maharashtra = 1,22,88,866

Employment Status of Urban IEW - Maharashtra

EMPLOYMENT_STATUS Total IEW Proportion IEW
Employed 12272918.181 99.9%
Unemployed, not willing and not looking for a job 5570.483 0.0%
Unemployed, willing and looking for a job 10376.872 0.1%

Employment Arrangement of Urban IEW - Maharashtra

EMPLOYMENT_ARRANGEMENT Total IEW Proportion IEW
Daily Wage worker/ Casual labour 1981808.63 16.1%
Digital platform based salaried temporary 34719.87 0.3%
Digital platform based self employed 87357.21 0.7%
Not Applicable 15947.36 0.1%
Salaried - Permanent 4412607.37 35.9%
Salaried - Temporary, not on digital platform 2937503.80 23.9%
Self-employed not on digital platform 2818921.29 22.9%

How is it that people in “Reasonable Target Group” are salaried? Need to see the kind of occupatiions these people have.

Occupation of select Employment arrangement category

Salaried - Permanent in urban Maharashtra

OCCUPATION num_people proportion of people
Industrial and machine workers 1103011.4813 25.0%
Office, bank clerks, court clerks, office assistants 470209.2740 10.7%
Peons, cleaners and helpers 297551.9043 6.7%
Electricians 279131.5395 6.3%
Chefs and cooks 222178.3897 5.0%
Railway guards, Bus/Transport conductors, Ticket Collectors/Examiners 220401.1527 5.0%
Data entry operators 148304.6410 3.4%
Plant and machine, industrial machine operators 146074.4997 3.3%
Supervisors, Shift-in-charge, Workshop Managers 140313.5475 3.2%
Credit and loan officers 134586.8827 3.1%
Bus/Car and Van drivers 118637.8053 2.7%
Receptionists, office and hotel 102460.6429 2.3%
Postmen, Courier services, library clerks, mail carriers, mail guards 96302.3412 2.2%
Electrical line installers and repairers 72134.8145 1.6%
Delivery men (excluding postmen, courier boys) 70774.4177 1.6%
Waiters, Butlers (chief waiter), Barmen, Bartender 59812.0457 1.4%
Plant and Machinery Mechanics and Repairers 57750.9496 1.3%
Sales representatives, sales executives, Store Managers 55085.9324 1.2%
Police, hawaldars, constables, sub-inspectors 52983.9868 1.2%
Electrical mechanics and fitters 48060.2158 1.1%
Gems, jewellery, diamonds and other precious stone workers 38774.5310 0.9%
Mechanical Machinery Assemblers 28105.7857 0.6%
Sales workers/assistants, shop attendants/Medical Representatives 26113.4378 0.6%
Other health related workers (anganwadi workers & helpers) 25373.3780 0.6%
Glass makers, cutters, grinders and related workers 25199.6460 0.6%
Nursing and midwifery assistants 24713.6909 0.6%
Domestic Maids, Cleaners, Helpers 21446.5395 0.5%
Pharmacists (Chemist shop person) 20791.9065 0.5%
Fitness trainers, Gym, Yoga trainers, lifeguards 19519.9992 0.4%
Auto rickshaw drivers 19431.8654 0.4%
Metal Moulders, Welders 17872.5690 0.4%
Railway/Bus Stand Coolies, luggage porters 17636.7135 0.4%
Mazdoor/Helpers 17466.7579 0.4%
Transport and Storage Labourers - Loaders/Unloaders transport, warehouse workers 16656.9265 0.4%
Engineering and Industrial Designers 15489.9650 0.4%
Private teachers for college students, Teachers in professional coaching institutes(IIT, IIM, CA, CS, Civil Services,etc) 15489.9650 0.4%
Machine technicians, Mechanical engineering technicians 14285.7464 0.3%
Private teachers for school children, Tuition teachers 13078.2110 0.3%
Dairy products (Ice-cream, cheese, butter) makers 12914.9088 0.3%
Plumbers 11670.1162 0.3%
Masons (Mistri), Brick layers 11635.7366 0.3%
Testing technicians/Quality control inspectors 10641.6786 0.2%
Bakers, Pastry cooks/Confectionery makers 9841.6507 0.2%
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers 8964.0478 0.2%
Street Hawkers/Vendors, vegetable/fruit sellers, clothes, and other goods sellers on streets 8103.9043 0.2%
Tourist Guides, travel agents 6340.0848 0.1%
Motor vehicle mechanics, repairers, technicians, servicers 6255.9113 0.1%
Lab assistants/opticians 5718.9671 0.1%
Blacksmiths (Lohar), Tool Makers 5648.3143 0.1%
Newspaper editors, columnists, freelancers 5648.3143 0.1%
Engineers 5619.1642 0.1%
Petrol pump salesmen 4911.1800 0.1%
Weavers/ Handloom workers 3742.0176 0.1%
Bindi makers, tattoo designers/artists, artificial jewellery makers 2785.2416 0.1%
Concrete mixers, tile-setters, plasterers 1913.5521 0.0%
IT trainers 1618.2802 0.0%
Truck, Lorry drivers 1618.2802 0.0%
Anganwadi supervisors 1603.5361 0.0%
Home appliances mechanics, repairers, technicians, servicers 1531.0916 0.0%
Beauticians, Barbers, Hair-dressers/Stylists, Make-up men 1529.0803 0.0%
Cable operators/Cable technicians/Internet service operators/technicians 1529.0803 0.0%
Maintenance engineers 1383.3164 0.0%
X-Ray technicians 1383.3164 0.0%
Nurses and midwives 1015.0798 0.0%
Draughtsmen 956.7761 0.0%
Milk-man 956.7761 0.0%
Street food wala -- chat wala, street tea-stall wala, other street foods wala 956.7761 0.0%
Mines, Quarrymen, Related Workers 573.0930 0.0%
Tobacco Preparers, Tobacco Products Makers 383.9955 0.0%

The question of comparing people with different employment arrangement and same occupation arises again. Shuld they be in the target group?

Occupation of select Employment arrangement category

Salaried - Temporary, not on digital platform in urban Maharashtra

OCCUPATION num_people proportion of people
Industrial and machine workers 673319.8941 22.9%
Sales workers/assistants, shop attendants/Medical Representatives 482856.2694 16.4%
Domestic Maids, Cleaners, Helpers 481940.8879 16.4%
Peons, cleaners and helpers 213235.7511 7.3%
Bus/Car and Van drivers 186611.2431 6.4%
Plant and machine, industrial machine operators 63850.6598 2.2%
Metal Moulders, Welders 61278.9165 2.1%
Office, bank clerks, court clerks, office assistants 52673.5636 1.8%
Mazdoor/Helpers 51885.1197 1.8%
Motor vehicle mechanics, repairers, technicians, servicers 50329.2174 1.7%
Truck, Lorry drivers 48942.1700 1.7%
Waiters, Butlers (chief waiter), Barmen, Bartender 48021.7597 1.6%
Data entry operators 44140.1539 1.5%
Supervisors, Shift-in-charge, Workshop Managers 38594.9535 1.3%
Sales representatives, sales executives, Store Managers 37226.9234 1.3%
Petrol pump salesmen 30833.6515 1.0%
Nursing and midwifery assistants 27615.6899 0.9%
Other health related workers (anganwadi workers & helpers) 27117.3146 0.9%
Postmen, Courier services, library clerks, mail carriers, mail guards 22974.4294 0.8%
Delivery men (excluding postmen, courier boys) 21808.7654 0.7%
Transport and Storage Labourers - Loaders/Unloaders transport, warehouse workers 17749.4884 0.6%
Receptionists, office and hotel 17702.4261 0.6%
Masons (Mistri), Brick layers 17435.6873 0.6%
Tailors, Dressmakers, Dress designers 15330.4210 0.5%
Papad makers, achar pickle makers 14038.7029 0.5%
Chefs and cooks 11413.4157 0.4%
Dairy products (Ice-cream, cheese, butter) makers 11263.8642 0.4%
Shoemakers 11263.8642 0.4%
Beauticians, Barbers, Hair-dressers/Stylists, Make-up men 11008.9245 0.4%
Weavers/ Handloom workers 9463.9990 0.3%
Information and communications technicians 8355.7247 0.3%
Pharmacists (Chemist shop person) 8334.9744 0.3%
Bakers, Pastry cooks/Confectionery makers 7737.5495 0.3%
Plumbers 7640.0820 0.3%
Electrical line installers and repairers 7266.1140 0.2%
Electricians 6984.9218 0.2%
Carpenters (Sutar) 6820.4052 0.2%
Upholsteries (cloth paddings, covers, for furniture), mattress makers (gadde wale), curtain makers 6663.3941 0.2%
Concrete mixers, tile-setters, plasterers 5648.3143 0.2%
Dhobi/Laundry/Dry cleaning services 5570.4832 0.2%
Auto rickshaw drivers 3913.8600 0.1%
Fire-fighters/Security officers 3754.6214 0.1%
Railway guards, Bus/Transport conductors, Ticket Collectors/Examiners 3754.6214 0.1%
Painters, White washers 3622.5514 0.1%
Street Hawkers/Vendors, vegetable/fruit sellers, clothes, and other goods sellers on streets 3606.4221 0.1%
Printing Trade Workers 3169.2371 0.1%
Engineering and Industrial Designers 3045.9231 0.1%
Religion workers, priests, pujaris, full time trustees of religious organisations 3045.2393 0.1%
Traditional hand embroiders, cloth block printers (zari, mirror work, phulkari, chikankari, kashmiri, gota, kantha) 2985.6291 0.1%
Bindi makers, tattoo designers/artists, artificial jewellery makers 2785.2416 0.1%
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers 2785.2416 0.1%
IT trainers 2785.2416 0.1%
Home appliances mechanics, repairers, technicians, servicers 2718.7662 0.1%
Private teachers for school children, Tuition teachers 2648.7233 0.1%
Cable operators/Cable technicians/Internet service operators/technicians 1834.6018 0.1%
Door-to-door salesmen/ Field sales 1816.4658 0.1%
Handicrafts item makers 1800.9189 0.1%
Assistants musicians, music composers and singers 1745.3538 0.1%
Milk-man 1745.3538 0.1%
Plant and Machinery Mechanics and Repairers 1618.2802 0.1%
Tourist Guides, travel agents 1327.9479 0.0%
Fitness trainers, Gym, Yoga trainers, lifeguards 1146.1859 0.0%
Photographers 1146.1859 0.0%
Lab assistants/opticians 1030.4431 0.0%
Nurses and midwives 1030.4431 0.0%
Marriage band players, light carriers 980.5415 0.0%
Electrical mechanics and fitters 956.7761 0.0%
Machine technicians, Mechanical engineering technicians 794.5843 0.0%
Sports players, sports coaches, instructors 574.3155 0.0%
Tobacco Preparers, Tobacco Products Makers 383.9955 0.0%

Occupation of select Employment arrangement category

Self-employed not on digital platform in urban Maharashtra

OCCUPATION num_people proportion of people
Auto rickshaw drivers 867905.6838 30.8%
Street Hawkers/Vendors, vegetable/fruit sellers, clothes, and other goods sellers on streets 643215.9658 22.8%
Street food wala -- chat wala, street tea-stall wala, other street foods wala 165360.8438 5.9%
Tailors, Dressmakers, Dress designers 161070.3910 5.7%
Bus/Car and Van drivers 144180.1928 5.1%
Beauticians, Barbers, Hair-dressers/Stylists, Make-up men 102515.0038 3.6%
Motor vehicle mechanics, repairers, technicians, servicers 67226.4651 2.4%
Dhobi/Laundry/Dry cleaning services 61161.6829 2.2%
Traditional hand embroiders, cloth block printers (zari, mirror work, phulkari, chikankari, kashmiri, gota, kantha) 55528.6802 2.0%
Electricians 51478.5289 1.8%
Carpenters (Sutar) 48920.2260 1.7%
Painters, White washers 36112.9338 1.3%
Cable operators/Cable technicians/Internet service operators/technicians 30670.2181 1.1%
Handicrafts item makers 26838.5447 1.0%
Chefs and cooks 21092.7148 0.7%
Dairy products (Ice-cream, cheese, butter) makers 21091.7232 0.7%
Truck, Lorry drivers 19733.2380 0.7%
Domestic Maids, Cleaners, Helpers 19438.0039 0.7%
Pharmacists (Chemist shop person) 17007.5701 0.6%
Private teachers for school children, Tuition teachers 16171.9496 0.6%
Peons, cleaners and helpers 15700.1504 0.6%
Photographers 14598.1093 0.5%
Sales workers/assistants, shop attendants/Medical Representatives 14547.9380 0.5%
Bindi makers, tattoo designers/artists, artificial jewellery makers 13670.6405 0.5%
Mazdoor/Helpers 13425.3238 0.5%
Papad makers, achar pickle makers 13323.5197 0.5%
Metal Moulders, Welders 12758.4970 0.5%
Bakers, Pastry cooks/Confectionery makers 12268.0924 0.4%
Concrete mixers, tile-setters, plasterers 10380.7760 0.4%
Plumbers 8808.1067 0.3%
Electrical line installers and repairers 8676.3526 0.3%
Marriage band players, light carriers 8626.1488 0.3%
Home appliances mechanics, repairers, technicians, servicers 8493.5909 0.3%
Hand, Vehicle Drivers, Cycle rickshaw drivers 7365.2710 0.3%
Shoemakers 6762.6089 0.2%
Blacksmiths (Lohar), Tool Makers 6624.9496 0.2%
Industrial and machine workers 6237.4456 0.2%
Masons (Mistri), Brick layers 5747.5415 0.2%
Glass makers, cutters, grinders and related workers 5648.3143 0.2%
Religion workers, priests, pujaris, full time trustees of religious organisations 4841.8639 0.2%
Tobacco Preparers, Tobacco Products Makers 4412.0904 0.2%
Data entry operators 4403.5217 0.2%
Fitness trainers, Gym, Yoga trainers, lifeguards 3765.7831 0.1%
Delivery men (excluding postmen, courier boys) 3754.6214 0.1%
Receptionists, office and hotel 3754.6214 0.1%
Upholsteries (cloth paddings, covers, for furniture), mattress makers (gadde wale), curtain makers 3240.3271 0.1%
Newspaper editors, columnists, freelancers 2787.9089 0.1%
IT trainers 2785.2416 0.1%
Sales representatives, sales executives, Store Managers 2604.2484 0.1%
Electrical mechanics and fitters 2005.9787 0.1%
Milk-man 1618.2802 0.1%
Assistants musicians, music composers and singers 1327.9479 0.0%
Tourist Guides, travel agents 1264.8635 0.0%
Cobblers and boot polishers, Shoe cleaners 1030.4431 0.0%
Journalists, News reporters, television, radio announcers, radio jockeys 1030.4431 0.0%
Office, bank clerks, court clerks, office assistants 1015.0798 0.0%
Weavers/ Handloom workers 980.5415 0.0%
Machine technicians, Mechanical engineering technicians 956.7761 0.0%
Plant and Machinery Mechanics and Repairers 956.7761 0.0%

Reasonable Target Group

This needs fine tuning

  • Exclude “Industrial Workers” from TG1? ~60% are salaried-permanent, ~38% salaried-temporary | ~70% fall under the Industrial and Machine worker Occupation category
  • What about Occupations categories, such as Domestic Maid, driver, waiter etc that are usually informally engaged but there are instances for them engaged with salary ?
  • How to think about Employment arrangement?

Coparision within RTG across employment arrangement

Bank Accounts and Mobiles

EMPLOYMENT_ARRANGEMENT % with Bank Acc.
Daily Wage worker/ Casual labour 99.8%
Digital platform based salaried temporary 100.0%
Digital platform based self employed 100.0%
Not Applicable 100.0%
Salaried - Permanent 100.0%
Salaried - Temporary, not on digital platform 100.0%
Self-employed not on digital platform 100.0%
EMPLOYMENT_ARRANGEMENT % with Mobile
Daily Wage worker/ Casual labour 93.7%
Digital platform based salaried temporary 89.2%
Digital platform based self employed 100.0%
Not Applicable 100.0%
Salaried - Permanent 99.7%
Salaried - Temporary, not on digital platform 90.4%
Self-employed not on digital platform 96.3%

Coparision within RTG across employment arrangement

Life Insurance and Health Insurance

EMPLOYMENT_ARRANGEMENT % with LIC
Daily Wage worker/ Casual labour 49.4%
Digital platform based salaried temporary 66.5%
Digital platform based self employed 97.7%
Not Applicable 68.3%
Salaried - Permanent 98.9%
Salaried - Temporary, not on digital platform 59.1%
Self-employed not on digital platform 75.2%
EMPLOYMENT_ARRANGEMENT % with Health In.
Daily Wage worker/ Casual labour 24.2%
Digital platform based salaried temporary 48.1%
Digital platform based self employed 50.2%
Not Applicable 68.3%
Salaried - Permanent 73.9%
Salaried - Temporary, not on digital platform 38.3%
Self-employed not on digital platform 31.8%

Coparision within RTG across employment arrangement

PF Account

EMPLOYMENT_ARRANGEMENT % with PF Acc.
Daily Wage worker/ Casual labour 0.1%
Digital platform based salaried temporary 4.7%
Digital platform based self employed 2.1%
Not Applicable 0.0%
Salaried - Permanent 88.5%
Salaried - Temporary, not on digital platform 27.8%
Self-employed not on digital platform 2.3%

Comparison of RTG with others

We select people who are either employed or seeking employment and are above 15 years of age to compare with the RTG.

All comparisons are in urban setting.

Access to Bank Accounts

Access to banks for people (urban) within RTG and people not in RTG, for age above 15.

is_rtg Total People Proportion Bank Access
0 11516129 0.999
1 12288866 1.000

Access to PF Account

Access to PF account for people (urban) within RTG and people not in RTG, for age above 15.

is_rtg Total People Proportion PF Acc
0 11516129 0.31
1 12288866 0.39

Access to Life Insurance

Access to Life insurance for people (urban) within RTG and people not in RTG, for age above 15.

is_rtg Total People Proportion Life Insurance
0 11516129 0.89
1 12288866 0.76

Access to Health Insurance

Access to health insurance for people (urban) within RTG and people not in RTG, for age above 15.

is_rtg Total People Proportion Bank Access
0 11516129 0.66
1 12288866 0.47

Access to Mobile

Access to Mobile for people (urban) within RTG and people not in RTG, for age above 15.

is_rtg Total People Proportion Mobile
0 11516129 0.97
1 12288866 0.96

Comparing Characterstics at Household Level

The Aspirational India Data-set allows us to compare RTG households with other across income groups, access to public service (water and power), Asset Ownership (houses, AC, refrigerators, washing machines, etc), savings (FD, life insurance), and indebtedness(borrowings).

All comparisons are made in urban setting of Maharashtra.

Income Groups - RTG HHs vs Non-RTG HH

INCOME_GROUP % of RTH HHs % of non-RTH HHs
36000 - 48000 NA 0.0%
48000 - 60000 0.0% 0.5%
60000 - 72000 0.2% 1.9%
72000 - 84000 0.3% 2.3%
84000 - 100000 0.5% 2.6%
100000 - 120000 1.3% 5.0%
120000 - 150000 6.5% 5.4%
150000 - 200000 17.9% 11.3%
200000 - 250000 18.7% 11.7%
250000 - 300000 20.1% 14.8%
300000 - 400000 19.7% 19.7%
400000 - 500000 8.5% 9.3%
500000 - 600000 3.7% 6.1%
600000 - 700000 1.4% 3.6%
700000 - 800000 0.7% 2.1%
800000 - 900000 0.2% 1.6%
900000 - 1000000 0.2% 0.8%
1000000 - 1200000 0.1% 0.6%
1200000 - 1500000 0.1% 0.5%
1500000 - 1800000 0.0% 0.1%
1800000 - 2000000 0.0% NA
2000000 - 2400000 NA 0.0%
>3600000 0.0% NA

Public Service Delivery - RTG HHs vs Non-RTG HH

WATER_GROUP % of RTH HHs % of non-RTH HHs
< 6 hours 60.9% 48.3%
6-12 hours 7.6% 6.3%
12-24 hours 1.3% 0.9%
24 hours 29.3% 44.3%
Not Applicable 0.9% 0.2%
POWER_GROUP % of RTH HHs % of non-RTH HHs
< 6 hours 0.1% NA
12-24 hours 0.5% 0.4%
24 hours 99.4% 99.6%

Assets Owned - RTG HHs vs Non-RTG HH

is_rtg_hh % HH own Houses
0 99.6%
1 99.2%
is_rtg_hh % HH own Fridge
0 78.2%
1 82.9%
is_rtg_hh % HH own Computer
0 9.9%
1 4.6%
is_rtg_hh % HH own Car
0 11.9%
1 3.8%
is_rtg_hh % HH own AC
0 12.6%
1 5.9%
is_rtg_hh % HH own TV
0 97.6%
1 97.4%
is_rtg_hh % HH own 2Wheeler
0 74.1%
1 83.6%
is_rtg_hh % HH own Washing M/C
0 34.6%
1 26.9%
is_rtg_hh % HH own Cooler
0 75.5%
1 68.0%

Savings - RTG HHs vs Non-RTG HH

is_rtg_hh % HH with FD
0 83.6%
1 69.4%
is_rtg_hh % HH with PO Saving
0 27.1%
1 15.4%
is_rtg_hh % HH with PF saving
0 34.8%
1 48.7%
is_rtg_hh % HH with Life Insurance savings
0 77.1%
1 80.3%
is_rtg_hh % HH with Mutual Funds
0 8.9%
1 2.8%
is_rtg_hh % HH with Gold
0 99.5%
1 99.8%

Borrowings - RTG HHs vs Non-RTG HH

is_rtg_hh % HH with Borrowings
0 45.0%
1 53.8%
is_rtg_hh % HH borrow from bank
0 17.8%
1 15.9%
is_rtg_hh % HH borrow from money lender
0 11.3%
1 14.8%
is_rtg_hh % HH borrow from shops
0 23.1%
1 31.5%